In vitro antibiogram of multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from Ogbete abattoir effluent in Enugu State, Nigeria

Abstract

The objective of this study was to isolate and determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacteria isolated from Ogbete abattoir effluent in Enugu State to different classes of antibiotics. Sixty bacterial isolates were obtained from 20 abattoir effluent samples at 4 different points of Ogbete abattoir. The isolated bacteria were identified using standard microbiology techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity test on the isolates was done using Mueller-Hinton agar (Oxoid, England) by disk diffusion technique. Out of the 60 bacterial isolates obtained from the abattoir, 7(11.7 %) were P. aeruginosa, 13 (21.7 %) were E. coli, 20(33.3 %) were Salmonella spp while 20(33.3 %) were Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that all the bacterial isolates were multidrug resistant as they exhibited resistance to at least two classes of antibiotics. All the S. aureus isolates were completely resistant to oxacillin (100 %) and aztreonam (100 %). Gentamycin, ertapenem and ofloxacin were the most active antibiotics against the Salmonella isolates; ofloxacin and ertapenem were the most effective against E. coli isolates, while gentamycin and ciprofloxacin were the most effective against P. aeruginosa isolates.  The presence of these multidrug resistant bacteria in abattoir effluents will pose a serious public health problem if not properly treated before being discharged into the environment. The public health consequences could be grave especially when they enter water bodies which are commonly used for domestic purposes. Thus, it is very imperative that abattoir effluents be properly treated before being discharged into the environment.

Keywords: Abattoir, antibiogram, multiresistant, bacteria, multidrug resistant